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Daniel Harvey Hill
(1821-1889)
Criticism of his army commander, Braxton Bragg, to Jefferson Davis cost
South Carolinian West Pointer (1842) Daniel H. Hill his corps command and
his
promotion to lieutenant general in the Confederate army. Posted to the
artillery, he had won two brevets in the Mexican War before resigning as
a
first lieutenant in the 4th Artillery in 1849. Active in education until
the
outbreak of the Civil War, he was superintendent of the North Carolina
Military Institute in 1861.
His Southern assignments included: colonel, lst North Carolina
Volunteers (May 1 1, 1861); commanding Department of the Peninsula (May
31 -
June 1861); brigadier general,CSA July 10, 1861); commanding Department
of
Fredericksburg July 17 - July 1861); commanding District of the Pamlico,
Department of North Carolina (ca. October 4 - November 16, 186 1);
commanding
lst Brigade, 3rd (Longstreet's) Division, Potomac District, Department of
Northern Virginia (November 16, 1861 - January 1862); commanding Forces
at
Leesburg, Potomac District, Department of Northern Virginia (January -
March
1862); major general, CSA (March 26, 1862); commanding 4th (Van Dorn's
old)
Division, Department of Northern Virginia (March - July 17, 1862);
commanding
Department of North Carolina (July 17 - August 1862 and April 1 - July 1,
1863); commanding division, Jackson's Corps, Army of Northern Virginia
(August
1862 - April 1, 1863); temporarily commanding Valley District, Army of
Northern Virginia (September 6, 1862); lieutenant general, CSA (July 11,
1863); commanding 2nd (Hardee's old) Corps, Army of Tennessee (July 24 -
November 8, 1863); volunteer aide-de-camp, Department of North Carolina
and
Southern Virginia (May 5-18 and May 21-ca. June 1864); commanding
division,
Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia (May 18-2 1, 1864);
commanding District of Georgia, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and
Florida January 21-ca. March 1865); commanding division, Lee's Corps,
Army of
Tennessee (ca. March and late March-April 26, 1865); and commanding the
corps
(late March 1865).
Commanding a regiment of six-months volunteers, he played a leading
role in the Confederate victory at Big Bethel. Promoted to brigadier
general,
he served for a time in northern Virginia and then returned to the
Peninsula
as a division leader with the rank of major general. He saw action at
Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, and during the Seven Days. Left in
southeastern Virginia during the 2nd Bull Run Campaign, he rejoined Lee's
army
for the Maryland Campaign, performing well at both South Mountain and
Antietam. His last battle with the Army of Northern Virginia came at
Fredericksburg. He then returned to command the Department of North
Carolina
until named a lieutenant general and ordered to Bragg's army. He took
over
Hardee's old corps, leading it at Chickamauga. Disgusted with Bragg's
failure
to reap the benefits of the victory he made his view known to the
president,
who still supported his friend. Hill was relieved of corps command and
Davis
refused to submit his nomination as lieutenant general to the Senate.
Thus he
reverted to a major generalcy on October 15, 1863.
His next action came as a volunteer on Beauregard's staff at Drewry's
Bluff and Petersburg. He was in command of a provisional division for a
couple
of days. Ordered to the Atlantic coast he finished out the war with
Joseph E.
Johnston's army in the Carolinas as a division commander. After the
surrender
he returned to education and engaged in literary and historical writing.
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